How to account for the concentration dependency of relative permittivity in the Debye–Hückel and Born equations

This work discusses the introduction of concentration dependency relative permittivity in context activity coefficient models at different stages derivation models. We evaluate an experimental correlation and Michelsen–Mollerup–Breil model for order to assess impact using these both Debye–Hückel Born equations. Our results show that effects introducing levels are significant quantitative. Using as early before deriving Helmholtz free energy has best overall performance. derive a general method include any concentration-dependency charging process calculate energy, with no clear advantage on charge-dependent or independent